L.a Confidential Film Noir Essay - 978 Words

The Key Conventions Of Film Noir In L.A Confidential L.A Confidential (Curtis Hanson, 1997) is a neo-noir film about a shooting at an all night diner and the three Las Angeles policeman who investigate in their own unique ways. It is based on the book by James Ellroy and after a very well adapted screenplay, won nine academy awards. It starred actors with big names like Russell Crowe, Guy Pearce and Danny Devito, which made it a very high earning film. The Narrative or storyline is much the same as any other film noir movie. It has a ‘hard boiled cop (Russell Crowe) who we grow attached to. The narrative of any film must have certain ‘key conventions which are apparent for the audience to tell the genre of the film. The†¦show more content†¦Danny Devito is perfect in this role because he has quite a seedy voice this is good to illustrate the sleaziness of film-noir, it shows the real voice of L.A. The setting of film noir is usually quite cheap. This is used effectively to actually show the dark tacky parts of society where film-noir usually takes place. There is not a lot of light in these films and they are often set on location. A seedy underworld is often present in film-noir movies, where all the bad or undesirable parts of society are exposed. Things like drugs, alcohol, murder and corruption. In my analysis I will be looking at a scene near the end of the film where Bud White and Ed Exeley take part in a shootout at the victory motel. The narrative conveys very common noir aspects here; the shootout takes place in a very dark room. The only light comes from outside. This shows the mood of the scene to be sinister and bleak. It puts the audience in a scared state as the shadows can conceal anything. It is also hard to see what White and Exeley are doing. The shadows are very menacing because they use a chiaroscuro lighting effect. This means that the rooms, people and settings are hidden from view by shadows. The blinds over the window cast strong grid shadowing over the characters showing uncertainty and anxiety. This lighting is very common in film-noir films as it shows the seediness of the settings. TheShow MoreRelatedElements of Film Noir between the Movies Maltese Falcon, Chinatown, and L.A. Confidential572 Words   |  2 Pagesof the elements of Film Noir between the movies Maltese Falcon, Chinatown, and L.A. Confidential. This will also discuss if Chinatown and L.A. Confidential remain true to the classical form or if they are in the baroque level of genre. This essay will also identify these discussions using examples for each film. Maltese Falcon could be explained more precisely as transitional films that mark limitations amongst true film noir and film that may have some elements or none noir. Maltese Falcon presentsRead MoreBaz Luhrmann s The Great Gatsby934 Words   |  4 Pagesthis semester, we have watched a variety of films. These films have taught us more about certain times of history as well as how the movie’s production has been changing over time and improving. We have watched a variety of movies in class from the, silent ones to some modern films in which we can see a big the differences between them. Watching these three films I feel like would be entertaining, but as well it would be teaching more about the art of film and expand our learning in class. Baz Luhrmann’sRead MoreMaltese Falcon, L.A. Confidetial, and Chinatown940 Words   |  4 PagesMaltese Falcon, L.A. Confidential, and Chinatown are all considered a classic for noir films. Even though these films are not actuall y black film they are a Hollywood crime drama. Not all of them are in the Hollywoods classical film noir period from the early 1940s to the late 1950s. The Maltese Falcon is more like a classical noir film than the other two movies. Maltese falcon has all the traits a noir film should have. Like fatalism, the femme fatale, the male protagonists, shadows, gloomy,Read MoreEssay about Film Noirs Effect on Modern Cinema1365 Words   |  6 PagesFilm Noirs Effect on Modern Cinema High heels click on wet pavement, shady detectives stand in the shadows, shots ring out through the cold, dark city night-just another moment in film noir. These seedy, almost underground films are considered to be some of the best and most influential pictures in the history of Hollywood by anyones standards, most certainly some of the darkest. Even though the glory days of film noir have long passed and given way to big budget productions, their influenceRead MoreTreatment For A City Rarely Snow977 Words   |  4 Pagessnow I. Authors : Yuyi Chen Genre: Noir fiction Title: â€Å"a City rarely snow† Contact information: yuyic@uci.edu II. Background: The idea of this movie comes form several noir film in the 1940s and 1950s about how a femme fatale tries to kill her husband. The screenwriter is a student in University of California, Irvine who has studying Noir film for several months. The protagonist, is a freelancer journalist, is influence by the several films such as L.A Confidential, which creates the press as greedyRead More Dames, Coppers, and Crooks: A L:ook At Film Noir Essay2891 Words   |  12 PagesCrooks: A Look At Film Noir nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Film noir is a style of black and white American films that first evolved in the 1940s, became prominent in the post-war era, and lasted in a classic â€Å"Golden Age† period until about 1960. Frank Nino, a French film critic, first coined the label film noir, which literally means black film or cinema, in 1946. Nino noticed the trend of how â€Å"dark† and black the looks and themes were of many American crime and detective films released in FranceRead More Christopher Nolans Memento Essay5013 Words   |  21 Pagesarray of commercial triumphs (The Mummy Returns) and disappointments (Pearl Harbor). It was heartening to film fans that a classic sleeper could still find room in a marketplace filled with bloated extravaganzas nurtured by gray-suited Hollywood greedheads. Unbenost to the gray-suits, the per-screen average for writer/director Christopher Nolans Memento -- a challenging art-house noir made for $5 million and released by a novice dis tributor -- was but $2 less than the per-screen average of Pearl

Ancient Rome and Greece - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 10 Words: 2976 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2019/07/29 Category Politics Essay Level High school Tags: Ancient Rome Essay Did you like this example? What importance did the Battles of Marathon and Salamis, and the Punic Wars have for Ancient Greece and Rome? Ancient Greece: The battle of Marathon took place in 490 BC during the first Persian invasion on Greece. Citizens of Athens and citizens of Plataea revolted against the Persian army. The battle was a very big victory for the Greeks. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Ancient Rome and Greece" essay for you Create order From this victory, they gained confidence in their defense system and a new battle tactic called phalanx. The phalanx tactic is when a group of people comes closer together in a line formation. In this battle, the Greeks were armored with shields and were able to make a wall to protect themselves using the phalanx tactic. In 480 BC, the Persian Army took their second attempt on invading Greece. In order to defeat the Persians, the Greek city-states came together to fight as one. Because of the Greeks success, they brought an end to the Persian wars and saved Greece from being invaded by the Persians. Their victory supports and shows that their defense and strategies surpass the Persians defenses. The Greeks had gained a position of power, success, recognition, and respect. Because of all of this, the battle of marathon and salamis is still known today as one of the greatest wars in history. After the Persians were defeated, Greece was left alone for good. This led to the assemblage of Athens and the start of the golden age and the Delian League. Ancient Rome: The Punic wars occurred between 264 BC and 146 BC. The three wars were fought by Rome and Carthage and Rome won all three. The first battle was fought over the control of the islands Sicily and Corsica and ended with Rome taking control over both islands. Sicily became Romes first overseas province, which made it easier for them to travel to and from other cities and countries when trading. This increased their empire and trading routes. When fighting in the first war Rome had an army with very little experience but was able to prove how strong they were, which gave them power. Because of their little experience, the Roman navy benefited from all the wars in gaining combat experience on sea and skills on training. After the Punic wars, the Romans were supplied with wealth because Carthage was forced to pay a large war debt to Rome in silver. Their wealth led to increasing and continuation of their empire. After Rome defeated Carthage, they became the dominant power in the Mediterrane an Region. When Carthage lost, they were put to an end, leaving Rome to have control over Spain. The main reason the three wars were fought was for the control over sea trade and when Rome defeated the Carthage, they gained control over it. 2. What were the major contributions of Ancient Greece and Rome to modern Western society? Please be specific and organize your response into the following categories: Government ( Greece ): Direct democracy was first introduced in Greece. Direct democracy is a form of government in which citizens rule and not representatives. This democracy started in Athens and is now a Athens legacy. The modern trial by jury was originally started in Ancient Athens. The jurors were all Athenian citizens and had to be over 30 years of age. In the United States, we have narrowed down the number of jurors to just 12 on the court. Today, in the united states we use a democratic system called representative democracy, which is when citizens vote on who make the decisions in a country. Democracy in Greece was successful because of the things Pericles did. He increased the amount of public officials who were paid, which meant anyone could serve if they were elected by the lot. Although the United States uses a different kind of democracy than what Greece used, the idea of democracy all started in Greece and spread out into the western civilizations as time passed by to become what it is to day. The reason why that was able to happen was because their democracy was successful. Military ( Greece ): The Ancient Greece army was a very strong army. One of the major contributions from the Greek military was technology. With Greek being the first to use technology during warfare and combat, they are the reason why we have advanced technology in militarys today. One of the technologies invented was the catapults and giant siege engines. Today, our militarys have been inspired and advanced these technologies to the ones used today. The Greek military also contributed their tactics and formations. Alexander the Great was the king of the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon and the one to invent the first formations during a battle. One of these tactics includes the phalanx formation. Because of this tactic Greece gained victory over Anatolia and Gaugamela, which ended the Persias power In the battles Greek and Roman armies wore similar armor. Greek soldiers wore square breastplate on their torso. Romans only wore one greave on their left leg, Greeks wore greaves on both legs. Greaves are m etal armor worn to protect the legs. As with technology, armor has also been advanced to protect soldiers from greater threats such as bombs. Greaves have been improved to protect the legs from explosive devices. Culture/religion ( Greece ): The culture in the main Greek city of egypt was a cultural blend of Egyptian, Persian, and Indian influences. This was known as the Hellenistic culture. People throughout the city states communicated with the popular language that was spoken called Koine.Their religion was called Hellenic polytheists. Greeks worshipped their Greek Gods and goddesses. Part of their culture that was big was recognizing and dedicating their greek goddesses. Citizens of Alexandria built museums, temples, and sculptures that were dedicated to their greek goddesses to show their honor. Philosophy was also a big part in their culture. The first lighthouse in the world was invented in the Greek city state of Alexandria. In Alexandria, there were many scholars that contributed to the scientific knowledge in the west. Aristarchus was an astronomer who he estimated the size of the sun. Eratosthenes was an astronomer, mathematician, a poet, and a historian. What he achieved was estimating the size of the earth u sing geometry. Both of them were scholars from Alexandria and answered many peoples beliefs about the world. Euclid was a mathematician that wrote about geometry propositions and proofs, which has influenced us a lot because it is what we are taught in school. Archimedes was also a mathematician, but he estimated the value of pi. With all of these people in their civilization, the citizens from Alexandria were able to conquer inventing many things and influenced many things to the western civilizations. Lastly, the Greeks invented drama and it was a big part in their culture. They performed two styles called comedy and drama. They contributed theatre, costumes, and masks as entertainment to the western civilizations. Government (Rome): Since the first century Rome had always had a balanced government. Their government was once government by nobles, the people, or a king. The government in the U.S today consists of democracy, which shows that the Romans government tactics influenced us today and still is. After the last king of Rome,Tarquin the Proud was driven from power in 509 B.C, the Romans wanted to never be ruled by a king again, so they established a republic. A republic is the form of government in which citizens have the right to vote on their leaders. This influenced western civilizations because it showed that government being runned by a king doesnt work out. In the Rome government, there are two officials called consuls. Consuls directed government, were elected for one year, and could veto other decisions. In civilizations today, those people are known as the president. When in crisis, there usually was a dictator that was chosen by the consul and elected by the senate. In western civilization there h ave been dictators in the past, because of the Rome empire. Another part of Romes government was the senates. Senates have legislative and administrative functions in the republic. This is something we also use in todays government structure. One of their greatest contributions to the western civilization is the law. When the Roman empire started to grow, Romans started to believe that laws should be fair and equal to everyone. Judges soon started to recognize and learn the principles of justice. Examples of laws that were originally from Rome are, believing that a person is innocent until proven guilty and any law that is proved to be unfair can be taken down. Ancient Rome also formed the law code much like the one used in the present time in many countries. The Roman empire installed many legal systems in european countries and have now influenced other countries like the united states. Military ( Rome ): During the battles, the roman army separated into legions, which are now called troops or regiments. Separating wasnt a thing soldiers would do because they believed they could be defeated when their army wasnt all in one area, but this is why the Romans rose to such success. By conquering central Italy, the Etruscans, Greek city states, and defeating the carthage in the punic wars, they influenced western civilizations on seperating into legions. The romans had organizational ability and a strong knowledge of construction that they were known for. They were acknowledged for taking other civilizations ideas, especially Greeks and modifying and transmitting them throughout the west. Without the Roman armys help, the Greeks inventions wouldnt have made it to the west and inspired other countries or us today. Economy ( Rome ): Ancient Rome was a agrian and slave based economy. Enslaved people took up one third of the Roman empires population. Children who were born into slaves were considered slaves and because of the law slaves were property to their owner. This part of their economy contributed a lot to the U.S civilization in a horrific way from the 1619s to 1865 because slavery also played a big part in the U.S economy back then. Agriculture and trade played a big part in their economic wealth. In Rome there was a system that helped farmers out with taxes and gave the government a great amount of free crops that was enough to feed the soldiers. They did this because they needed to increase productivity. The reason why increasing productivity was so important in Rome was because, it helped them increase their empire. Egypt, Sicily and Tunisia in North Africa were the main grain trading points for Rome. Later on the production and transportation of foods influenced the trading industry and led to many m ore tradings between other countries as well. Another big part of their industry was mining, which provided stones for the big building projects and metals for tools used in wars. Because of trading and Romes control over the mediterranean sea, they were able to make trading easier and more successful for them. Their trade roots went from regions to regions and even went deeper into africa and asia. They were able to trade for silver, gold, metal, iron, lead, and many more. These resources helped them make mint coins, tools, weapons, armor, jewelry, and art. The Romans trading routes offered a layout on how trading could fuel diplomacy between nearby regions. Which is an economic principle at play thats apart of the North Atlantic Trade Organization or NATO. All of this influenced western civilizations in developing trading routes that are still in use today and trading with other countries for resources. Which is why we have most of the resources we use today. As the Roman empire g rew, expanding their boundaries caused many problems. There was a gap between rich and poor and many enslaved people were working in estates. This made it hard for small farmer to compete and led to them selling their land and losing their jobs and homes. Tiberius and Gaius were brothers who tried to help the poor, but ended up dying because of the enemies who disagreed with them. This was something that did not work for the Romans. During the third A.D, Rome became very weak. Tribes outside the empire and pirates on the Mediterranean Sea disrupted trade, which decreased their resources in new sources. The economy then fell. They faced inflation, had problems in agriculture as well, and faced a deadly diseases that made their population decrease. WIth all of this happening, the military also becomes weak. This is an example of why expanding your empire is going to come with consequences., especially if its ruled by one man. This is something west civilizations try to avoid happening to them because it obviously didnt work out well for Rome at this period. In A.D. 284, Diocletian rose to power and became the new emperor. He restored and brought power back to the empire. He split the empire into the west and East, took East as his, and gave the West to a coworker. He then became ill and civil war broke out again. Once again, this did not influence the western civilizations. Julius Caesar and Octavian This is when Julius Caesar rose to power and was elected to be consul. Caesar fought alongside his soldiers, which is why he had their loyalty. Because of his success many people were happy about caesar and his actions, but a man named Pompey feared him and his goal. Caesar then defeated Pompey and his army and became dictator for life. Caesar granted Roman citizenship to many people, expanded the senate, and built buildings to give the poor a home. Many senators didnt agree with his beliefs so, he was murdered by a group of senators. After his murder, The roman empire fell apart. This is another example on what did not work for the Romans. After many violence and battles, Octavian became ruler of Rome and brought the Pax Romana to the Roman empire. Octavian accomplished working on public buildings, creating a system of government, tax collections, and much more. After he died, Rome was able to stay stable because of the government he structured. Octavion contributed to many western civilizations because of these things. The Romans were known for building strong and big structures, buildings, and more. They invented concrete, which is really huge in construction today. They used bricks and glass to build beautiful structures that are still popular till this day. Romans also invented aqueducts and sewers. Both of these things are used in western civilizations and are a necessary part of our civilizations. Therefore the Romans contributed structures that is used for water delivery and drainage of sewer. In the 18th century, the United States had a Roman revival, which is why many of our buildings have Roman features built into them. Lastly, Romans also built very strong roads throughout their empire that were connected. They built their roads with stone, concrete, and sand. This contributed transportation and safety to western civilizations. Roads are a huge thing in our modern society and plays a very big part in our everyday life. Culture/religion ( Rome ): In Rome, they believed in gods and goddesses. They gave names to powerful gods and goddesses and would honor them through rituals. I dont think this contributed much to western civilizations, but i do believe it contributed to our learning because greek mythology is something we learn in school. In Rome, their language was Latin. The roman alphabet was based on the greek alphabet. Romans studied literature in Greek and when their empire started to grow, the latin language spread out throughout the west. As time passed, their latin evolved into the Romance Languages. The latin language became the main language in the west and this is why many countries started off speaking latin. Because of countries in the west speaking it informally, they all ended up being different languages that originated all from one place. In the U.S, we dont speak latin, but there are many latin words developed into our vocabulary and that is because the Romans influenced western civilizations, even non romance languages. Although Romans have influenced the civilizations in many ways, they couldnt have done it without the Greeks. As the Roman empire started to grow, so did a new religion called christianity. Jesus first followers were jews, but after he died, they created the new religion christianity that slowly spread through Roman Empire. By the late A.D century there were millions of christians in the Roman Empire. Many people were attracted to this religion because it embraced all people, gave hope to the powerless, offered a relationship with a loving god, and promised an eternal life after death. The first Pope in Roman empire was a man named Peter. The Romans religion contributes to us because christianity has massively spread out into other western civilizations and is still the worlds greatest and popular religion. We also get our calendar from the Romans because they invented it because of jesuss birth. The Romans called their holidays Holy Days, which is where we get the word Holiday from. In the second century B.C, Romans conquered Greek and they inhabited their ways of architecture, literature, and philosophy. The culture of Greek, Hellenistic, and Roman created a new culture called Greco-Roman culture. The Romans took in the greeks ways and created their own things such as mosaics, bas-relief, and paintings. This influenced western civilizations because it showed others how to do different kinds of art, which could also be used for trading. Although, The Romans were very inspired by the Greeks on many things, they created their own things as well. Both of these empires did great contributions to western civilizations. The world would be very different and we wouldnt have things we have now if it werent for Ancient Rome and Greece.

Analysis Of Between The World And Me And Me By Ta...

Rosa Parks once said, â€Å"Racism is still with us. But it is up to us to prepare our children for what they have to meet, and, hopefully we shall overcome.† Between The World and Me by Ta-Nehisi Coates, Coates writes a letter to his son explaining what his life was like growing up in America as an African American man, and he also tries to give his son some moral advice on how to take charge of living as a man in a black body. Spike Lee directs a film on Malcolm X, who was a black activist and a leader of the struggle for black freedom. Both the book and film discuss slavery, civil rights, and police brutality. Coates and Malcolm X advocate that the malicious history of slavery has contributed to the shaping of modern day racism in America. In 1619 the first African Americans were brought to America to a town called Jamestown in Virginia. This is when slavery began in North America. White men owned African American souls and destroyed their human rights, forced them into sla very, restricted them from freedom, and left them uneducated so that they would not be able to earn any power or knowledge about what was going on in the world. As Coates explains to his son some of the experiences of his life he also reminds him several times about never forgetting who he was, where he came from, who his people were, and what they have done for the others, â€Å"Never forget that we were enslaved in this country longer than we have been free. Never forget that for 250 years black people wereShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Between The World And Me `` By Ta Nehisi Coates Essay2423 Words   |  10 Pagesserve the majority of children properly and gaps remain between white and black students. What’s more, nowadays, a lot of schools only treat education as a curriculum and test scores; ignoring the stimulus of curiosity. Therefore, â€Å"Between the World and Me† is a book written by Ta-Nehisi Coates, who weaves his own personal, historical, and intellectua l development into his ruminations on how to live in a black body in America. In this book, Coates writes about education and pleasures of his own educationalRead MoreAnalysis Of Marjane Satrapi s Persepolis And Ta Nehisi Coates Between The World And Me1878 Words   |  8 Pagesboth the major motion picture version of Marjane Satrapi’s Persepolis and Ta-Nehisi Coates’ Between the World and Me. Moreover, following the argument that there can be more than a single â€Å"truth,† what should concern the individual shouldn’t be obeying an truth proposed to be objective, but rather adhering to whatever truth best meets their criteria as true. 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In the ever growing public debate concerning the American dream, acclaimed author, Te-Nehisi Coates, has emerged as a very outspoken critic. His criticisms of America’s treatment toward minorities have been a key subject of discussion since the publishing of his groundbreaking memoire, Between the World and Me. Written in the form of a letter to his son, Coates’s work analyzes the realties, emotions, and experience that comes with being black inRead MoreCommunity Is Like A Living Organism?1365 Words   |  6 Pagesindividual’s gifts and history. I also agree with Block’s idea that physical space is symbolic of the relational and social dynamics of a group. Block put a lot of my subconscious thoughts and observations into words and ideas that seem pretty convincing to me. He makes many good points on working within small groups to develop a sense of capability, identity and relationship as well as responsibility for one another. I am, myself, someone who prefers to work in smaller groups because it gives a more personalRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Between The World And Me Essay1855 Words   |  8 PagesIn Ta-Nehisi Coates’ book Between the World and Me, he writes from a political, yet deeply personal standpoint to analyze today’s version of racism. Coates strays away from his usual journalist works to a more deeper and personal view. His book is devoted to his fifteen-year-old son, Samori, and provides him with guidance through the struggle of racism; all while letting Samori fend for himself. Coates ’ lets his son know all this through history, and heritage; of his own and of America’s. Ta-NehisiRead MoreBetween The World And Me By Ta Nehisi Coates Essay1473 Words   |  6 PagesIn the book, Between the World and Me by Ta-Nehisi Coates, he focused on the fear young black boys have growing up in America today. Along with discussing how it makes him feel about the Society he lives in. He emphasized the effectiveness of police in America overall and uses reference to slavery. Which reminds me of Goffman premises of symbolic interactions. How individuals in society just adopt to their surroundings. Although just because a person adapts, their inner thoughts and feelings of growingRead MoreA Lesson On The Gilded Age Essay1785 Words   |  8 Pagesopportunity to make the connection between some of the anti-immigration arguments made during the Gilded Age and today. I want my students to be able to see that, although there is a hundred year gap, the only major difference now is the group of individuals in which these anti immigrant sentiments are directed. The main way I plan on reinforcing this is through the usage of political cartoons. While there is a variety of different ways to show similarities between anti-immigration views, politicalRead MoreCivil War And The Abolition Of Slavery Essay1473 Words   |  6 Pageswe can continue to move towards a world in which the full humanity and dignity of all people is recognized† (Movement for Black Lives). As an Asian American, I’ve faced few racist ignorant comments throughout my life. But, compared to what my parents have faced coming from Korea and facing racist remarks throughout the years living in America even though they became citizens, shows how change needs to be brought. Even in Ta-Nehisi Coates’s Between the World and Me, describes the struggle the authorRead MoreMy Position As A First Year Composition Student1568 Words   |  7 PagesI am in a unique position as a First-year Composition student in his mid-thirties: I have a vast amount I would like to say about myself and the world, yet I lack the technical and rhetorical prowess to express myself efficiently. So, while I may have a lot to say, I don’t have the skills necessary to say much of anything. At least, this was my position in August of this year, at the start of the semester and at my introduction to college-level writing. For as long as I can remember, I have always

Public Administration Organizational Hierarchy

Question: Describe about the Public Administration for Organizational Hierarchy. Answer: Public Administration Public administration refers to all activities conducted by the government. Public administration as a discipline has designed ethical standards and values even though it only mirrors the society beliefs, cultural norms and realities. The government through public administration provides citizens with both indirect and direct service. Direct services include electricity, mail delivery, and mortgage insurance. Indirect services, on the other hand, refer to services offered by private contractors after they have been paid by the government to provide such services (Raadschelders, 2011). An example of indirect services includes the construction of dams, infrastructures, and space shuttle. Public administration is also bounded and created by the legal institutions. Overview of Saudi Aramco Organizational Hierarchy Saudi Aramco is recognized as the global leader in the marketing, distribution, refining, production, and exploration of oil. The companys infrastructure gives it an added advantage in the scale of reliability, operational, production, and technical advances. For this reason, the company has organized itself in such a way that it ensures that it commands a leadership position in the energy industry. Regarding governance, the companys Board of Directors are at the top of the hierarchy and are expected to steer the company affairs, act as the company steward, and guide the management towards realizing the long-term strategy of the company(Saudi Aramco, 2014). Additionally, the board of directors guides the management in assessing the company risk, opportunities, and controls to mitigate internal and external risks. The corporate management staffs are expected to realize the organization mission which is to cherish the thriving business practices and values that have made the organizati on the leading company in chemicals and energy production. Figure 1: Saudi Aramco Hierarchy Overview of the Management System of Saudi Aramco Management system is defined by Griffin (2007) as systematic frameworks created to manage the processes, procedures, and policies of an organization as well as enhance improvement. The adoption of an excellent management system manages risk, improves operations, and enhances stakeholder confidence. Saudi Aramco requires its suppliers to adopt a suppliers safety management system so that they can exceed or comply with the occupational health and safety standards required by the international management system. The company also makes use of CADMATIC tool to transform its PDS models into eBrowser models (Cadmatic Software Solutions, 2015). These models play an essential role in integrating the company corporate systems including OsiSoft Pi that enhances data visualization, RBI risk analysis, iPlant, and the inspection systems. The company employees through these virtual systems can utilize the 3D model to scan various departments in the organization and obtain any documentation connecte d to the systems and equipment. They achieve this by clicking the objects they wish to retrieve in the model. In-Depth Analysis of the Role of Management in Effective Work Processes The role of management in effective work process is to plan work and set expectations; reward good performance, periodically rate performance, and continuously monitor performance (Leonard, 2013). Regarding planning, effective managers channel their focus in setting performance goals and expectations for the human resources with the primary objective of realizing organizational objectives. Employee engagement in the planning process is crucial in understanding the goals of the organization, what the organization expects from them, and what they are supposed to do. The management is also expected to design performance elements that are achievable, equitable, verifiable, understandable, and measurable. Having these elements in place makes employees accountable about their work responsibilities or assignments. It is also the role of the management to monitor projects and assignments on continuous basis. Through monitoring, managers can provide employees with continuous feedback regarding their advancement in achieving the goals of the organization. In addition to monitoring, it is the role of the management to address and evaluate employees development needs. Addressing employees needs is achieved via issuing assignments that requires critical thinking, through training, and boosting work processes (Cohen, Eimicke Heikkila, 2008). Through developmental and training opportunities, employees are motivated to improve their performance, strengthen their work-related competencies and skills and in embracing change. Summarizing staff performance is also essential in enhancing effective work processes. Through the summary, the management is in a position to review and compare employee performance across different periods. Through this strategy, the management is able to differentiate between top performers and low performers and design strategies that will improve the productivity of all employees. Recognizing staffs for their exceptional performance is also crucial in enhancing organizational productivity. The management should use both financial and nonfinancial rewards to congratulate their employees. Examples of rewards that the management should utilize include time off, cash, and saying thank you among others. Based on the analysis, it is important for organizations such as Saudi Aramco to comprehend that its success is not only determined by having the right resources and strategy. On the contrary, it also depends on the ability of the management to support, direct, and harness individuals and teams in delivering the objectives and mission of the organization. Flow of communication within Saudi Aramco There are five ways through which communication flows in the organization, and they include external communication, diagonal communication, and lateral communication, upward and downward communication (Guffey Loewy, 2010). Downward communication refers to the flow of communication from the management to employees at the bottom of the hierarchy. The upward flow of communication, on the other hand, is the flow of information from the subordinates to the top management and is used by employees to air their grievances and provide management with suggestions on how they can boost their productivity and morale. Lateral communication occurs between managers, between peers, and other members who hold the same position in the organization. Diagonal communication occurs between employees and the management whereas external communication results between external groups including financial institutes, banks, vendors, suppliers, and the manager (Guffey Loewy, 2010). For Saudi Aramco, downward c ommunication is used because it is the board of directors who guides all other staffs in the organization toward realizing the organization objectives. Besides, the company does not support a clear and honest two-way communication between staffs and the management (Al-Mallah Regondola, 2014). For this reason, employees feel dissatisfied with their jobs because they cannot air their grievances. References Al-Mallah, M.Y., Regondola, A.A.(2014).Work Attitudes of Employees of Saudi Aramco: Its Relation to Work Satisfaction. International Journal of Technology Enhancements and Emerging Engineering Research, 2(10): 50-56. Cadmatic Software Solutions.(2015). Saudi Aramco. Retrieved from, https://www.cadmatic.com/en/references/saudi-aramco.html Cohen, S., Eimicke, W. B., Heikkila, T. (2008). The effective public manager: achieving success in a changing government. San Francisco, Jossey-Bass. Griffin, R. W. (2007). Fundamentals of management: core concepts and applications. Boston, Mass, Houghton Mifflin. Guffey, M. E., Loewy, D. (2010). Business communication: process and product. Mason, OH, South-Western/Cengage Learning. Leonard, E. C. (2013). Supervision: concepts and practices of management. Mason, OH, South-Western Cengage Learning. Raadschelders, J. C. N. (2011). Public Administration: The Interdisciplinary Study of Government. New York, N.Y: Oxford University Press. Saudi Aramco.(2014). Saudi Aramco. Retrieved fromhttps://www.saudiaramco.com/content/dam/Publications/Journal-of-Technology/Winter2014/JOT_Winter_2014.pdf